Uncategorized – Page 8

March 4, 2022March 9, 2022

The biggest communication problem is we do not listen to understand. We listen to respond.

I don’t know the exact origins but for many years now I have often said to colleagues that we have two eyes, two ears and one mouth, and that is the proportion in which we should use them.

The management literature abounds with entreaties for us to listen better, to develop listening skills, to be reactive listeners, and to listen first before speaking.

But have we learnt the lesson? Experience would suggest not.

The biggest communication problem is we do not listen to understand. We listen to respond. (Stephen Covey) Continue reading “The biggest communication problem is we do not listen to understand. We listen to respond.”

March 11, 2021

Management Heuristic 1: Know what is expected of you and your job.

The thing about becoming a manager is that we have most likely risen to that position without ever thinking about what a manager does.

In been appointed a manager we will be given a position description and perhaps a list of key performance indicators based on achieving success. There will be words about managing teams, people and resources, but the easily measurable stuff about results will be in flashing lights. There will be a lot of things to do and little guidance about how to do these. And, most likely, there is an expectation that you can get on and do the job, but no requirement nor time for you to stop and think about what the job is. It will be assumed that we know what we are supposed to be doing.

Two factors need to be considered.

The first is a purpose issue – you have to know what you’re supposed to be doing? What is the purpose of the role? What does the organisation expect of you? To understand purpose you must getting in behind the position description and understanding where you as a manager fit in the bigger picture. Why does the position exist? Why was it created?

The second is a process issue – you need to understand what it means to manage and how to manage. Your people will have three expectations of you:

that you know your job – know what you are supposed to do.
that you can be trusted – you do what you say you are going to do.
that you have the self-confidence to let them do their jobs

If you don’t know what your job is then you will not manage well.

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Heuristics can be mental shortcuts that ease the cognitive load in making decisions about what to do. Examples that employ heuristics include using trial and error, a rule of thumb or an educated guess. Management Heuristics are rules of thumb that can be used by managers to be more effective. A Rule of thumb refers to a principle with broad application that is not intended to be strictly accurate or reliable for every situation. It refers to an easily learned and easily applied procedure or standard, based on practical experience rather than just theory. Managing is the poster child of the mantra that there is no one right way.

January 10, 2021January 11, 2021

INNOVATION = ideas SUCCESSFULLY applied

What is innovation? This is a question we hear often and the answer is often shrouded in myth and described as magic. It is more often than not describe in overly complicated terms, yet is by nature a simple concept.

The following definitions are a useful starting point. The first is from the OECD (1994), an organization that includes both technical and organizational aspects in its definition – this is the definition reflected in the national frameworks. Thus, innovation is defined as:

“any new products or processes and significant technological change in products and processes. An innovation has been implemented if it has been introduced to the market (product innovation) or used within a production process (process innovation). Innovations therefore involve a series of scientific, technological, organizational, financial and commercial activities.”

Richards (1985) defines innovation as the process through which new and valuable ideas are put into practice.

The Oxford Handbook of Innovation Management (Dodgson, et. al. 2014) have a range of definitions, best described collectively as “Ideas, successfully applied”.

Innovation would appear a simple concept, and we make it unnecessarily complicated.

References:

Mark Dodgson, David M. Gann, and Nelson Phillips (2014) The Oxford Handbook of Innovation Management Oxford: ISBN: 9780199694945

OECD (1994), The Measurement of Scientific and Technological Activities (‘Frascati Manual’), OECD, Paris.

Rickards, T. (1985), Stimulating Innovation, Frances Printer, London.

January 9, 2021

Workplace factors affecting creativity

To help us understand how creativity can be promoted, it is useful to examine the factors in the workplace that affect creativity.

The following classification of factors in the work environment which affect creativity is drawn from Amabile, Coni, Coon, Lazenby and Herron (1996):

Organisational Encouragement:

Encouragement of risk taking and of idea generation, a valuing of innovation from the highest to the lowest levels of management.
Fair, supportive evaluation of new ideas
Reward for and recognition of creativity
Collaborative idea flow across the organisation and participative management and decision making.

Supervisory Encouragement:

Goal clarity
Open interactions between supervisor and subordinates
Supervisory support of a team’s work and ideas
Lack of rigid formal management structures, conservatism and internal strife.

Work Group Encouragement:

Diversity in team members’ backgrounds
Mutual openness to ideas
Constructive challenging of ideas
Shared commitment to projects.

Autonomy:

Relatively high autonomy in the day-to-day conduct of the work.
Sense of ownership and control over their own work and their own ideas.
Perceived choice in how to go about accomplishing tasks.

Amabile, T.M. Coni, R., Coon, H., Lazenby, J. and Herron, M. (1996), ‘Assessing the Work Environment for Creativity’, Academy of Management Journal, Vol 39 (5), pp. 1154-1184.